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Report

Federal and State School Accountability in Tennessee

September 10, 2025
Informational document on school accountability in Tennessee, featuring charts and text explaining accountability calculations and improvement strategies.

Potential changes in federal education policy could reshape how states approach accountability, making it critical to understand how Tennessee’s systems currently work. The state currently uses two accountability systems, each designed for different purposes that reflect different measures of progress. Part of our Informing the Conversation series, this memo provides an overview of how Tennessee’s accountability systems work, how they differ, and what each means for school improvement and transparency.

Tennessee's federal school accountability system monitors a wider array of indicators of student performance and provides support for schools that consistently do not improve student outcomes. In parallel, Tennessee's A-F school letter grade system is designed to transparently report school performance to families and the public using fewer metrics.

Tennessee’s methodology for the federal accountability system measures school improvement using a comprehensive set of indicators to identify schools in need of additional support. Indicators include: student proficiency, growth, graduation, chronic absenteeism, postsecondary readiness, and English language proficiency for all students and specific student groups.

Tennessee’s A–F school letter grade system, enacted in state law, gives families an accessible snapshot of school quality based on a list of fewer, prioritized indicators.

Key Takeaways

The memo highlights:

  • Two systems, two purposes: Federal accountability directs resources to underperforming schools; A–F school letter grades focus on transparency for families.
  • Different measures and weights: Federal accountability emphasizes a range of indicators, subgroup performance, and improvement; A–F school letter grades emphasize academic proficiency.
  • Distinct supports and interventions: Federal designations trigger school improvement funding, capacity building, and other interventions, while D and F school letter grades can result in hearings and corrective actions under state law.

Examining how Tennessee’s federal and state accountability systems operate offers important insights for guiding Tennessee’s path forward, ensuring that accountability continues to drive both improvement and transparency.